Nervous breakdown is commonly known as mental breakdown, although, both of them are not medical terms and also do not refer to any specific mental disease. Nervous breakdown is often used in the context of severe depression and anxiety that can lead to an emotional and psychological collapse. However, a certain level of anxiety and stress is felt by almost everyone when faced with any work-related or personal problem. But our body can usually cope with such kinds of mental stress and anxiety. But in certain situations, extreme stress and anxiety can overload a person and he may not be capable to overcome the situation. This can disrupt mental and emotional stability, leading to a nervous breakdown.

There might be several causes for mental or nervous breakdown, and they can vary from person to person. Thereby, causes for a nervous breakdown are individual specific. Nevertheless, some causes like extreme stress, anxiety, depression, drug or alcohol abuse, problems in personal relationships, emotional trauma and isolation are frequently associated with mental diseases and hence, can trigger nervous breakdown.

Extreme anxiety and stress, which are some of the common causes of a nervous breakdown, as usual cause depression. Depression can be an essential sign of mental breakdown. Amongst the physical signs, lethargy, extreme tiredness, weakness, continuous pain and aches, persistent gastrointestinal problem and inflamed skin can be some of the significant indicators of an impending mental breakdown.

Amnesia, characterized by loss of memory, confusion, particularly over the sequence of past events might be another important sign of nervous breakdown. If not treated at the right time, these conditions can lead to frustration and then to violent behavior or outbursts. A person on the verge of mental breakdown can as well experience disorientation or delirium and hallucinations, such as seeing or hearing things that actually don’t exist in reality.

Our brain is probably the most overworked organ in our body. It constantly sends and receives signals to and from the various parts of our body. As we grow older, our brain seems to slow down from its normal pace and takes longer to respond to stimuli. It is a natural process and nothing to be afraid of. But there are some things that you can do to ensure that your brain remains as alert and vigilant as when you were young.

One of the best ways to help seniors sharpen their brain is to ask them to play some awesome memory games. These games will not only help them to remember, it will also boost their self-confidence to a great extent. You can play simple memory games like names of places. In case the senior in question would prefer something to do alone, then you can always give him or her a few good thinking games to play. Get them books of Sudoku to solve, if they like numbers. If it’s words that they like, then a book of crosswords is something that they’re sure to enjoy. You can also give them a jigsaw puzzle. You can also have competitions for these games during a party or any special occasion. Scrabble, chess, Boggle etc. are also options you can explore to activate their gray cells.

Scrapbooks are a great way to have seniors not only get their brain active, but also get their creative juices flowing. You can gift them an empty book and ask them to transform it into a fancy scrapbook. They can do anything that they want with it. They can take up a topic and make the scrapbook. For instance, if they go on a trip, they can cut out pictures, photographs, some simple objects, etc. and paste them in the scrapbook. They can also make a scrapbook of their lives by hunting out old photographs and pasting them chronologically in the scrapbook.

The most fun way to help seniors with brain stimulation is give them some books with mind boggling riddles to solve. You can also give them books on simple trivia if you think they’ll enjoy it. Another thing you can do is, organize a competition with his or her fellow seniors and have rounds of simple quizzes with brain teasers and riddles etc. It will be fun and will help them to keep their brain alert as well.

For seniors who are tech savvy or are comfortable using electronics, you can get them some really interesting gadgets to play around with. There’s no shortage of computer games in the market. You can also give them a portable video game that they can play with all day long. These games are very addictive and require a reasonable amount of strategy and concentration. There are also a lot of smart phones and other devices available, which can keep any tech savvy person engaged for hours on end.

Depersonalization disorder is a period of disconnect or detachment a person has from his/her body and thoughts. It causes one to feel as if they are living a dream and are detached from themselves. This episode of depersonalization episode may last for a few minutes, hours, and in some cases for years. The characteristic sign of depersonalization disorder is that the person is totally aware that he/she is not an automaton. They are aware of the reality that the sensations and feelings experienced by them are not true.

The person experiencing depersonalization suffers from misinterpretation of the thoughts and senses. They often talk about a ‘out of body’ experience. The depersonalization disorder belongs to a group of dissociative disorders. These disorders are mostly mental illnesses that cause a person to suffer from memory disruptions, loss of consciousness or awareness about the surroundings, change in mental perception as well as personality. These disruptions and breakdowns cause interference with the daily functioning, professional, social and personal relationship of the depersonalized individual.

The main symptom of depersonalization disorder is alteration of mental perception. The person begins to feel as if they are living in a dream or some kind of a movie. They are under the impression that they are just an observer of their thoughts, their body and themselves. These people have an ‘out of the body’ experience and form a numb feeling towards the world around them.

A sudden sensation grips the mind as if they are not in control of their actions as well as the ability to speak. Some people begin to hallucinate that their body parts have grown abnormally large in size or shrunk down to a miniature size. Many have a feeling of floating in the air and observing themselves on the ground. These episodes also cause a person to have a emotional disconnect from the people around them. These episodes may last for a few hours, days or months and even years at a time.

The treatment for depersonalization disorder includes a combination of therapies like psychotherapy and cognitive therapy. Clinical hypnosis also helps in some cases. A group therapy with the family helps the members of the family understand and spot the sings of depersonalization.

Down syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, is a genetic birth defect. This genetic disorder is the result of an extra copy of chromosome 21 in all or some of the body cells. About 1 in 800 babies, fall prey to Down syndrome. The risk of having a baby born with this disorder is higher in case of women who are more than 35 years of age. Down syndrome does not spread through contact or any other medium, that is, it is not contagious. It is purely a birth defect associated with the genes. Even though older women are more prone to having babies with this syndrome, 80% babies with this disorder are born to mothers under 35 years, as the pregnancy rate is higher in that age group.

One can identify children with Down syndrome by observing their facial profile. They have slanting eyes and a flattened face. They are not mentally retarded, even if they may appear to be so, by their facial features. Many children with this defect are known to have great academic records. Most children with Down syndrome find it difficult to focus their eyes, and they have to live with these eye defects forever. They may also have hearing problem. There is an increased risk of heart defects, leukemia, respiratory problems, gastrointestinal disorders and other health problems in these kids.

The life expectancy of those with Down syndrome has increased considerably over a period of years. Earlier the Down syndrome life span was barely nine years. But now people with this defect live for 50 to 60 years thanks to the development of medical sciences. A large number of deaths caused by Down syndrome occur in the uterus, even before the child is born. Down syndrome life expectancy in the uterus is only a few weeks or months. It is also high in the first year of life, the main reason being heart defects. A number of other health problems may also lead to increased mortality in the first year of life. But if they pass through this crucial first year, the life span increases by 10 or more years. So, it becomes rather important for the parents with Down syndrome kids, to take proper care of their children in the early days. Parents should develop a positive attitude which will prove beneficial for the development of such kids.

As Down syndrome is related to chromosomes, it cannot be cured by medications. Down syndrome life expectancy depends mainly on the medical problems that are associated with this disorder, the most common being congenital heart diseases and leukemia. Recent inventions and development in the medical field have found ways to treat leukemia and heart disorders, thus reducing the deaths, and increasing the lifespan of people with Down syndrome.

Every person at some point or the other in life has to go through rough and tough times. It is understandable that in such a situation; he would be exposed to stress, depression, and other unhealthy mental conditions. The way a person thinks is believed to be the most important step for success. It is well said that if you think you can do it, you can actually make it to success. There are many studies and researches done in the field of mental health, wherein the importance of having a positive mental attitude is more prominently centered on. Let us discuss some crucial points on having a positive mental attitude.

As the name suggests, a positive mental attitude is a mindset which only has positive thoughts backed up by motivation. Owing to the results from several surveys, medical professionals believe that this type of positive attitude aids in reducing physical and mental stress levels, contributing to a healthy life. A person with positive thinking will successfully be able to transform his negative perspectives into positive thoughts. Let us take a look at how to develop a positive mental attitude.

There is an ocean of self-help and positive mental attitude books, motivational films, encouraging stories, and inspirational quotes that you can refer to. By considering these resources, you will be able to know how to practice thinking positively in your everyday life. You can effectively get rid of all the negative thoughts which pull you down.

For those with ever negative thinking, this beneficial attitude needs to be developed by practicing some effective positive mental attitude exercises. When it comes to possessing a positive attitude, talking with yourself is most essential. Talk with your own self on a daily basis regarding positive things and an assurance, and hope that things are going to be better in the future. Self-motivational talk can be done any time; such as while driving, getting ready, reading, etc.

In order to start thinking positively, you necessarily need to have an appropriate environment. Be in company of good friends and colleagues, who have a positive mindset. Be with people who will always support, help, and encourage you to deal with bad thoughts present in your senses. This is the best way of changing the depressing negative thoughts to happy positive ones.

A slight dysfunction in the brain can result in major mental retardation problems that change the course of life for those who are affected with it. Mental retardation was a term once used for ’seemingly weird’ people who learn and develop at a significantly lower pace than others. But today we have a clear definition, not only for mental retardation, but also for the different types of mental retardation. It is characterized by lack of normal development of intellectual capacity that onsets before 18 years age. It is a generalized disorder in which an affected person has impaired cognitive functioning and lacks two or more adaptive behaviors, such as communication, self-care, social and interpersonal skills, academic skills, leisure, health, and safety, etc.

Such people generally exhibit some peculiar mental retardation characteristics in terms of physical, intellectual, or behavioral growth. They have a lower intelligence quotient that affects their learning, behavior, and overall mental development. There are different reasons for different types of mental retardation to occur. Genetic irregularities, pregnancy complications, early childhood problems and birth problems, etc., are some of the major causes of mental retardation. Given below are some of the most common types of mental retardation that strike children below 18 years.

Scientists distinguish common types of mental retardation. Down Syndrome is both a cause and the effect of a mental retardation. ‘Normal’ people have 46 chromosomes but people with Down syndrome have an extra 47th chromosome that interferes with their brain functions leading to mental retardation. This condition is also referred as Mongolism because of their physical features, such as almond shaped slanting eyes, abnormally thick eyelids, broad face, flat nose and short neck, etc. They are generally vulnerable to circulatory, gastrointestinal, and respiratory disorders. There is no known effective treatment for this mental disorder till date.

Dyslexic children are quite difficult to identify as they have an average or above average intelligence but they have a major problem in reading, writing, and arithmetic. This poses a problem for them in their school and academic life. But children suffering from dyslexia are not really retarded as they can excel in other areas such as painting, sports, music, etc. This condition can be cured up to some extent by using specialized teaching and training methods.

Autism can be characterized by the distortion from reality in which children seem to be lost in their own world and display indifference to the surroundings, including people. They may learn to speak a few words but they do not generally engage in any communication with others and find it difficult to have eye contact with others. Autism cannot be cured completely but such patients can be provided with training that helps them improve social, communicative, and self help skills.

Heart attack is when the blood supply in a coronary artery is stopped due to a blood clot. Due to this interrupted blood flow a heart muscle is either damaged or destroyed. Death of a muscle in the heart is responsible for chest pain and the electrical instability of the heart muscle tissue. A heart attack is also referred to as myocardial infarction. ‘Myocardium’ refers to the heart muscle. ‘Infarction’ means death of a tissue due to lack of oxygen in the area. For more information on how to identify symptoms, you can refer to silent heart attack symptoms.

Previously, a majority of heart attacks were fatal, but now with increased awareness, death rate due to heart attacks has come down drastically. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation administered within five minutes of the attack, helps save the patient’s life. Read on how to prevent a heart attack here.

More than 60% of men who suffer a heart attack experience heart attack symptoms before the actual heart attack. Very often men choose to neglect the symptoms, which leads to complications. You can also refer to early heart attack symptoms. Mentioned below are a few most important heart attack symptoms in men. Chest Pain: This is one of the most common symptoms of heart attack. The pain is a squeezing pain in center of the chest. This pain often lasts for more than a few minutes. The patient can also experience pressure or fullness in the chest.

Pain in other Body Parts: The chest pain can extend to other body parts as well. Shoulder, arms, back, teeth or jaw are the parts where a person can experience pain. It is sometimes observed that there is no pain in the chest, but a nagging pain in the shoulder, arms or back. This pain is more often than not neglected which causes complications. Therefore, it is important that pain experienced in parts other than the chest is not neglected as well.

Shortness of Breath: This is another very common heart attack symptom in men. Since there is no sufficient supply of blood to a certain muscle in the heart, that part lacks in oxygen, which causes shortness of breath. Sweating: Sweating profusely can indicate an impending heart attack, but people assume that it is got to do with feeling warm. It is important that the reason behind sweating is analyzed, so that the person can be treated in the nick of time and the heart attack does not prove to be fatal.

Nausea and Vomiting: Apart from many other reasons associated with nausea and vomiting, it can also be caused by a heart attack. Purging can also be coupled with blood. This is also a sign of an impending heart attack. In such a case, it is very important that you seek medical help immediately, as it is a warning sign that a heart attack is on its way.

Cholesterol is essential for the production of bile juices, hormones and vitamin D. Each and every cell of our body contains cholesterol; as it plays an important role in various metabolic functions. Our body produces cholesterol and we consume cholesterol through diet. Effects of high cholesterol levels can prove to be life threatening.

There are no fixed cholesterol levels for men by age as such. Optimal cholesterol levels for every person can be different, depending upon various factors. If men under 30 have borderline high cholesterol levels, they can easily reduce those levels by exercising and by following a balanced diet. But men over 50 may not be able to do so. Actually, they should try to maintain optimal LDL and HDL cholesterol levels.

Men over 40 should start checking cholesterol levels regularly so that with proper precautions, they will be able to control the levels before reaching higher numbers. Those who lead a sedentary lifestyle or those who are overweight are more likely to suffer from high cholesterol levels and its life threatening consequences. Fatty foods such as red meat and dairy products, that are responsible for high cholesterol levels, should be avoided. Exercising for at least half an hour per day can help lower cholesterol levels significantly. Men who already have had a heart attack should take maximum precautions.

Along with aging, fat deposits in the body increase. Many people develop diabetes, hypertension, etc. While determining the risk of high cholesterol levels for men and women; age, sex, family history, weight, blood pressure and lifestyle habits need to be taken into consideration. Along with aging, physical activity decreases, and the influence of risk factors increases. Therefore healthy cholesterol levels for men by age may differ slightly. Men with family history, men who consume excessive alcohol, those who smoke, those who do not follow a balanced, healthy diet, are at high risk of high cholesterol levels.

The state of panic might visit you in most intense or disturbing situations. This is quite a normal reaction of an organism on exterior events that make us feel uncomfortable. For example, being alone at home at night, going to exam, visiting dentist, etc. can raise panic feelings in us. However, there occur such situations when panic is not a cause of any event or sensation, but a sudden groundless attack.

A panic attack usually happens all of a sudden, without any caution or signal. And it leaves an individual feeling totally intimidated. In case of a panic attach the fear is not obligatory a reaction to something. In that way the attacks might arise without any warning and may even happen at night. The individual who is enduring a panic attack can experience such a strong fear that he may feel like he could die. Some people can even confuse the feelings provoked by a panic attack with a heart attack.

Panic attacks might last from 10 to 30 minutes at average. An individual who has panic attacks can develop overall misgiving because he is not sure about when the next attack will arise. In case a person had more than four panic attacks, then most likely he is suffering from panic attack disorder which is a kind of chronic anxiety disorder.

Panic attacks are frequently provoked after main life changing occurrences and might also bring to other psychological and behavioral troubles like depression or mental disorders. Plus, there is a genetic factor in this. If there has been a family member with the history of recurrent panic attacks, then this individual may be predisposed to them too.

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